Waste Management

Waste is a resource of other industry ,laying on wrong place, Waste management is multidisciplinary activities that involve in engineering principles, economic, urban and regional planning, management techniques and social sciences to minimize the overall wastivity of the system under consideration. A systematic approach of waste management encompassing the waste of all kinds of resources at all stages should be adopted. However the material constitutes the major fraction of the total production cost, material wasted are of critical importance.

Types of waste

Municipal Solid Waste
Industrial Waste

E-Waste
Biomedical Wastes

Construction & Demolition Waste
Plastic Wastes
Sewage & Effluents

Best practice of 5R for waste materials most to list as per following points

Refuse
Reduce
Reuse
Recycle
Recover
Disposal

Waste is explained as most unwanted materials according to the Environmental Protection Act 1990. Waste includes any scrap material, effluent or unwanted extra substance or article that needs disposal because it is broken, worn out, contaminated or otherwise polluted. Wastes are ‘those substances or objects which fall out of the business cycle or chain of utility’ such as glass bottles that are returned or reused in their original form are not waste, whereas glass bottles banked by the public and dispatched for remolding are waste ‘until they have been recovered’. The Department of the Environment recognized four broad categories of potential waste. First is worn but functioning substances or objects that are still usable (albeit after repair) for the purpose they were made. Secondly, substances or objects that can be put to immediate use otherwise than by a specialized waste recovery establishment or undertaking for example ash from a power station used as a raw material in building blocks. Third category is degenerated substances or objects that can be put to use only by establishments or undertakings specialized in waste recovery. These are always wastes even if transferred for recovery for value for example polluted solvents or scrap. Such substances only cease to be waste when they have been recovered. Fourth are the substances which the holder does not want and which he has to pay to have taken away.

Speedy economic development has increased the living standard of the populace around the globe. This has directly converted into more material utilization and more waste production. Solid waste material, generated particularly in the urban areas is as follows.

1. Organic waste
2. Plastic waste
3. Metal waste material
4. Glass waste material
5. Paper waste material, and
6. Electronic waste
7. Others (Ash, Sand, Grit, etc.)
8. Bio- medical Waste.